(W28M00) About the course

DVF is a multifaceted research domain where each facet is an elaborate study in its own. The course entitled Digital Video Forensics: Uncovering the Truth in a World of Distorted Realities has been designed to offer comprehensive understanding of the digital video forensics domain, beginning with the fundamental concepts of digital videos and the technical issues related to digital video processing, to the basic knowledge of a wide range of issues associated with the evidential use and forensic analysis of video evidence, followed by the practical knowledge of various video forensic investigation procedures (including both rudimentary and specialized video content authentication and forgery detection scheme), all of which will help develop crucial analytical, problem-solving, and research skills. The participants will also gain a deep understanding of the current research gaps, open issue and future research avenues in the video forensics domain, which will act as a platform for further career and personal development. Altogether, this course will enable the participants to establish a strong foundation for the eventual development of a meaningful career in the tremendously exciting domain of video forensics.

The course has been divided into four basic modules, where each module acts as a compendium of self-contained yet cognate aspects of the domain of digital video forensics.

Module 1 (Fundamentals of Digital Videos and Digital Video Processing) provides an overview of the basic attributes of digital videos including frame-rate, bit-rate, resolution, visual quality, and essential concepts associated with digital video processing, such as spatio-temporal sampling, motion estimation, motion compensation, video encoding, data losses and impairments, noise reduction and compression. This module also presents a succinct analysis of different kinds of digital videos, where the categorization is based on the kind of acquisition device, recording parameters and environmental conditions prevalent during the acquisition process. The primary objective of this module is to familiarize the participants with those aspects of digital videos and digital video processing which are apposite to the video forensics domain.

Module 2 (Video Evidence: Basic Concepts and Principles) presents a detailed account of the ascension of digital videos to the status of “forensic evidence”, including particulars of the principles and practice of CCTV and the impact it has had on modern day surveillance. To help illustrate the significance and inculpatory nature of video evidence, the module provides examples of real-life cases of use of video evidence during criminal investigations and court proceedings. Real-life instances of footage tampering and basic principles and issues related to content authenticity and admissibility are also discussed, along with a thorough analysis of the principles and procedures involved in the collection, recovery, enhancement and authentication of forensic evidence.

Module 3 (Content Authentication and Tamper Detection in Digital Videos: Part 1 (Basic)) is geared towards the rigorous exposition of the fundamental tools and techniques used to authenticate digital videos and detect tampering therein. This module comprises of detailed study of basic active and passive forensic schemes including content authentication measures, such as source camera identification, timestamp analysis, and digital signature and watermark analysis, types of video forgeries and their creation, and basic tamper detection techniques including hash value analysis, metadata and hex editor analysis, dubbed video test, and Video Error Level Analysis (VELA).

Module 4 (Content Authentication and Tamper Detection in Digital Videos: Part 2 (Advanced)) covers the advanced topics related to digital video forensics, including evaluation of the limitations of basic tamper detection techniques discussed in Module 3, followed by thorough analysis of specialized forgery detection techniques and various forensic artifacts utilized by these techniques. Important concepts related to the effects of environmental factors and recording conditions on the content authentication process are also discussed, along with a comprehensive study of the issues, challenges and future research avenues in the domain of digital video forensics.

An essential component of all the modules is a set of unconventional and stimulating exercises that will present themselves as an opportunity for the participants to explore the various engaging aspects of video forensics, and inspire them to fully comprehend not only the societal significance of this research domain but also the extent to which it has become an integral part of today’s world.

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